DC motor speed control using PWM

New ! EAGLE files  available

EAGLE PCB Layout

EAGLE Schematic

If you do not have EAGLE, you can download a full working version from CadSoftUSA http://www.cadsoftusa.com  

Here is a zip file with the EAGLE schematics and PCB layout.  http://hans-w.com/MotorSpeedEAGLE.zip

New ! Source code  available

C source code... requires CCS PCM compiler.

PCM is available from CCS http://www.ccsinfo.com/picc.shtml

//(C)Copyright 2002 Hans Wedemeyer Houston Texas U.S.A
// for use with Fan motor speed control
// see schematic PWM Motor Speed Control
// Aug. 10 / 2002 This matches the new EAGLE schematic and PCB layout.
//
#include "Motor.h"

long ADCValue=0;
long ADCValueOld=1;

#byte portA = 0X05
#byte portB = 0X06
#byte portC = 0X07

void main()
{
set_tris_A(0b00101011);
set_tris_B(0b00000001);
set_tris_C(0b00000000);

portA=0X00;
portB=0X00;
portC=0X00;

setup_adc_ports(ALL_ANALOG);
setup_adc(ADC_CLOCK_INTERNAL);
setup_spi(FALSE);
setup_counters(RTCC_INTERNAL,WDT_288MS);
setup_timer_1(T1_INTERNAL|T1_DIV_BY_1);
setup_timer_2(T2_DIV_BY_1,255,1);
setup_ccp1(CCP_OFF);
setup_ccp2(CCP_PWM);
enable_interrupts(global);

set_adc_channel(0);
delay_us(10);

while(1)
{
ADCValue = Read_ADC();
delay_ms(100); // monitor 10 times a second

if ( ADCValue != ADCValueOld )
{
set_pwm2_duty(ADCValue);
ADCValueOld = ADCValue;
}
}
}

Source code and Hex files are available here: http://hans-w.com/motorspeed.zip

////////////////////////////////////The original text and pictures://////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

I tried several ready made PWM speed control circuits. Of the few I tried, there were problems that I did not like.

1) Lots of components.

2) PWM running as a low frequency which became audible as a loud buzzing sound from the motor.

3) I needed to build it now, and did not have all the components.

My solution, although it's much like cracking nuts with a sledge hammer, solved these problems.

Here is the schematic.

The assembled PCB

Complete and in service

The PWM frequency is about 10 kHz and does not make a noise in the motor.

The 5 K Ohm potentiometer is connected to ADC input channel 0 and is converted to

1024 (10 bit) value, this value is applied to the PWM control and produces very smooth speed control.

The HEXFET type IRL1004 has extremely low on resistance (0.009 Ohm) and requires only logic level drive, in this

application it does not get warm even when controlling 1 Amp motor current. according the IRL1004 data sheet it

can handle much higher motor current.

It is important to have a moderately fast diode across the motor supply, as close to the motor as possible.

Possible future changes:-

Add RS-232 for software control which could be used for other projects.

Allow the motor to rotate in either direction by adding an H-Bridge output stage.

Control more than one motor using the same microcontroller.

Use a smaller microcontroller.

HEX file for PIC16F876 (overkill) will be made available at the end of the month.

Add tachometer for precise speed control.

email: hans at this web site

(C)Copyright 2005 Hans Wedemeyer, Houston, Texas. All rights reserved.